The Army divides war into three levels -- strategy, operational art, and tactics. Each level involves different types of activities, but opinions vary on how to differentiate among them. The debate continues even though seven years have passed...
This monograph discusses whether U. S. Army operational commanders are still susceptible to surprise. The principle of surprise remains an important consideration for campaign planners. Operations Just Cause and Desert Storm relied heavily on...
The United States, upon ratifying the Treaty of Paris, extended its empire beyond North America. The Spanish-American War's successful termination resulted in the acquisition of Puerto Rico, the West Indies, and Guam; the liberation of Cuba; and...
OPERATION ALLIED FORCE has become a lightning rod sparking strong debate within the US military. The debate revolves around the subject of decisive military action and which branch of service most contributed to the successful campaign in Kosovo....
The U.S. Army Training and Evaluation Program prescribes the mission and the critical collective tasks a unit must be able to perform to accomplish its mission and survive on the battlefield. The ARTEP describes the task, the combat conditions...
This monograph examines whether the 1993 edition of Operations, the keystone U.S. Army operational level doctrine, provides sufficient description of considerations planners use in determining the sequence of actions for operations. To be...
The deployment of a US Ground-based Mid-course ballistic missile Defense (GMD) within what Russia considers its rightful sphere of influence is an unacceptable challenge to Russian national security. Russians, according to Makhmut Gareev, believe...
This study assesses the validity and general utility of metaphors used in military theory and doctrine to describe the nature and role of information in military operations. The monograph is an extension of the author's earlier work (Physical...
Gulf War images of oil soaked birds and burning oil wells continue to generate academic research on the environment as both a victim and a weapon of war. The resulting literature has sensitized policy makers and military leaders to the...
This monograph argues that the Army's focus on fighting and winning wars often obscures the equally important mission of winning the peace. In the chaos that generally follows battle, the most potent policy instrument of the government is usually...
In our service we have come to use the term "estimate of the situation" to express that logical process of thought which, applied to a concrete tactical problem, enables one to arrive at a definite tactical decision.
Ethical behavior is commonly viewed from the outside looking in. The actions of an individual are observed and are categorically placed into perceived attributes building an image. Beneath this image lies the core of beliefs based on a faith in...
Ethics are principles and values we follow that let us to do the right thing. In recent years, there has been increased discussion of ethics and its potential value to the United States military. Doing the right thing is not always easy, but in...
Forward by Gen. Ronald R. Fogleman, USAF, Retired: Leaders face enigmatic challenges within our increasingly complex world of international affairs. Foremost among them for the US government is determining how senior officials--policy makers and...
The China-Burma-India Theater was the least decisive major arena of World War II. General Joseph Stilwell was tasked to perform concurrent diplomatic and military miracles in pursuit of Allied victory. His mission of keeping a reluctant China in...