Throughout human history, people have migrated from one place to another across the globe. Since the creation of nation-states, the migration of people has been seen as emigrating from one country and immigrating to another. Immigration has...
Gulf War images of oil soaked birds and burning oil wells continue to generate academic research on the environment as both a victim and a weapon of war. The resulting literature has sensitized policy makers and military leaders to the...
The Peoples Democratic Republic of Korea is showing signs that the regime's control of information and its people are weakening. Increasing defections, more public officials taking bribes and a public demonstration against the regime in 2006...
This monograph examines the influence of population growth in the developing world on the U.S. Army's mission within the national security strategy. The U.S. military in general and the U.S. Army in particular will not be the only, or even the most...
This monograph discusses the propensity for conflict surrounding the diminishing water in Lake Chad. The shortage of water in the lake and its basin threatens regional economic development and the existence of the population in the area. The paper...
From at least 1995 until 2001 the Army Reserve Troop Program Unit (TPU) shortage of Army Promotion List (APL) company grade officers has increased. It will continue to increase under the existing status quo. Several factors contribute to this...
A new environment, a new paradigm faces United States policy and decision makers. The bipolar world of superpower control and confrontation has been replaced with an unipolar world lead by the United States. A rapid evolution is occurring. A...
Singapore began universal conscription two years after independence. The government exempts first generation immigrants from National Service (NS). With the increasing number of New Citizens (NC), natives began to question the fairness of...
The security of the U.S.-Mexican border is an issue of considerable interest for both countries. The North American Free Trade Agreement has created a web of symbiotic links between the two countries. Unfortunately, this has also presented...
In 2009, conflict, violence and the fear of governmental persecution caused over forty-three million people worldwide, equivalent to the population of Canada, to leave their homes and seek safety elsewhere. Twenty-seven million displaced within...
The following topics are covered in this study on labor in the Philippine Islands: labor conditions prior to Japanese occupation (employment conditions, employment agencies, wages/hours/working conditions, labor legislation and policies, labor...
This monograph examines the possibility of North Korea’s collapse and course of action for a stability and support operation to deal with the collapse. North Korea seems fairly stable in terms of political, socio-ideological, military and...
This monograph examines the question of what will happen on the Korean peninsula if North Korea collapses without a fight. In 1996 the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) appears to be on the verge of disintegration due in large part to...
The U.S. Army has experienced a disproportionate decline in Black recruitment. Blacks, who once represented 23 percent of annual recruits, now only represent less than 14 percent. What factors have caused the disproportionate decline in Black...
Social identity is commonly defined as a person's sense of self. It is derived from a perceived membership in social groups. This monograph examines the impact of Muslim immigrants on the national identity of Great Britain and the difficulty...
The process of providing humanitarian assistance to refugee situations is complex and fluid. It includes determining the legal status of the refugees, providing basic life sustaining needs, establishing safe-havens and camps, and seeking durable...
The essence of Cuba's strategic assessment comprises two phenomena. One is the diffusion of political power. The ruling elite is finding it increasingly difficult to control events to the extent that they once did. Power is shifting downward, being...
In 742, a predominantly Turko-Mongolian steppe nomadic tribe known today as the Uyghurs migrated eastward from eastern Turkey towards the oases of modern-day Xinjiang province of China; they have remained there for the last 1,268 years. Throughout...
The World Factbook is produced annually by the Directorate of Intelligence of the Central Intelligence Agency. The data are provided by various components of the Central Intelligence Agency, the Defense Intelligence Agency, the Bureau of the...
The construction of a US-Mexico border fence has proved an increasingly divisive method for securing the southern US border since its initial construction as the San Diego Fence in 1990. Since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 the...