Volume I of II, this volume provides in abbreviated form socio-cultural, economic, political and historical background material for a study of the Islamic World from the time of Muhammad to the eve of the first World war. It sets the stage for a...
America has long been known as the land of the free and of limitless opportunities. Unlike many nations abroad, we as a nation have views and liberties that are antithetical to their ideologies. Part of this inherent conflict has given rise to a...
Cause for hope: economic revitalization in Iraq. Paul Brinkley, Deputy under Secretary of Defense for Business Transformation; An interagency initiative, the Task Force for Business and Stabilization Operations is helping to quell insurgent...
Dr. Thomas H. Henriksen in this publication provides a perspective on the challenging question, "Is leaving the Middle East a Viable Option?" He lays out a convincing argument that historical involvement within the region based on commercial ties,...
In 1979 Ayatollah Khomeini's indirect approach ignited existing socio-economic conditions during the Iranian Revolution to topple the Shah. A similar indirect approach using psychological operations to target audiences through key vulnerabilities...
In 1979 the age old struggle for the control of Islam between the Shiite and Sunni sects re-emerged in the Middle East. Four events occurred in 1979 that defined the context of contemporary Middle Eastern politics: the Islamic revolution in Iran,...
In 1981, the Eisenhower Library in Abilene, Kansas, published an excellent selected bibliography of periodical articles and dissertations on Dwight D. Eisenhower compiled by Robert D. Bohanan (see Bibliographies and Indexes). This author's...
In the past decade, it has become apparent that the Iranian Government is not willing to give up its Nuclear Fuel Program. Though it claims that its endeavors are merely the pursuit of making nuclear fuel, the threat of an unsupervised Iranian...
In the past three decades, one country has stood out more than any other in opposing the United States' efforts in the Middle East: Iran. To counter Iranian influences in the Middle East, the United States has adopted a stance of containment...
Inter-state economic coercion is an ancient tradition among nations. Within the framework of economic statecraft, economic coercion manifests itself in three forms: Economic Warfare, Trade Wars, and Economic Sanctions. The empirical evidence on the...
Iran in the 1950s was in the cross hairs of the Cold War power struggle between the US and USSR. Strategically located, Iran became critical in the foreign policy endeavors of the Eisenhower Administration in the Middle East. After the decision to...
Learning to leverage new media: the Israeli defense forces in recent conflicts. Lieutenant General William B. Caldwell IV, U.S. Army; Mr. Dennis M. Murphy; and Mr. Anton Menning; The Army must learn to embrace lessons from the explosion of...
Seeing Red: Creating a Red-Team Capability for the Blue Force. Colonel Gregory Fontenot, U.S. Army, Retired; Red teaming, a structured process executed by trained and practiced team members, is uniquely suited to...
Much has been written regarding Iraqi wartime activities at the strategic and operational levels during the Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988), but few of these works address tactical operations. This thesis fills a small portion of that void by examining...
Since 1925, Iranian governments purposefully shaped the Iranian national identity in an attempt to socially prioritize membership in nationalist and religious social groups, over others such as ethnicity or profession. Further, successive Iranian...
Since September 11, 2001, the United States government has concentrated many of its resources on combating international terrorism. Military operations have taken place in the Philippines, Afghanistan and Iraq in an effort to destroy terrorist...
Since the seventeenth century, Sir Isaac Newton’s laws of motion have had tremendous impact on the Western world’s mind-sets for understanding nature as predictable and orderly. Consequently, Western strategic culture has been based on a linear...
The 2010 U.S. National Security Strategy emphasized that the U.S. would use security sector assistance to build the capacity of at-risk nations and reduce the appeal of violent extremism and assist in resolving the world's armed conflicts. The 2010...
The emergence of non-state actors and sub-national entities on the world stage has presented the established international system with challenges for which it is ill equipped to handle. The historical inclination to resort to military force when...