The research hypothesis is that the percentage of black male Army officers is significantly less than the percentage of black males in the 18-24 age group in the United States. This study examines the effects of population, crime and prisons,...
The relief of Major General Ralph Smith, United States Army, from the command of the 27th Infantry Division during the battle for Saipan on 24 June 1944 by Lieutenant General Holland M. Smith, United States Marine Corps, seemingly ignited a...
Proceeding from the means and ways they use to overcome the problems within their specific domains, the Army and Air Force have developed different operational perspectives. The differences would not matter if each conducted operations...
The maneuver branches have been accessing a relatively low percentage of African American Second Lieutenants in comparison to other branches of the Army. This trend is significant because in the current Army system, a lack of proportional African...
The debate over the service of black Americans in the U.S. Army centered around three questions: Could they serve? Would they be allowed to serve? And, if allowed, in what capacity would they serve? This is similar to modern debates about the...
This study documents the Twenty-fourth Infantry Regiment from its formation on March 15, 1869, through its first deployment from Fort McKavett, Texas, on November 1, 1869. This study's focus is on the policies which led to the formation, the...
This study documents the history of the 9th and 10th Cavalry during the Spanish-American War. This study's focus is on employment and deployment of the 9th and 10th Cavalry during the Battles of Las Gasimas and San Juan Hill (Kettle Hill). The 9th...
During Operation Rolling Thunder, the United States Air Force was unprepared for the introduction of the SA-2 Guideline surface-to-air missile system into the North Vietnamese integrated air defense system (IADS). Following a series of aircraft...
Prior to 1950, the Army restricted the service of blacks to limited roles in a racially segregated Army. During World War II, black America fought for an increased combat role, believing that contributions on the battlefield would lead to increased...
This monograph will argue that Black Americans, who have historically enlisted in the Army in overwhelming proportions with respect to national populations, are now pursuing other opportunities outside of the Army. The U.S. Army and African...
The importance of learning from past counterinsurgency operations helps us prepare for the wars of today and tomorrow. While the tactics of some insurgents have changed, the basic principles of insurgency and counterinsurgency have remained. In...
The importance of learning from past counterinsurgency operations helps us prepare for the wars of today and tomorrow. While the tactics of some insurgents have changed, the basic principles of insurgency and counterinsurgency have remained. In...
Service culture affects how military branches organize, train, equip, and survive as separate institutions of the US military. The culture of a service includes the persistent, patterned way of thinking about operations and relationships. The...
This study documents the history of the Tenth's formation at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas from 25 September 1866 to 5 August 1867. The study's focus is on the assignment of personnel, training of recruits, and the events surrounding the activation of...
This monograph seeks to determine under what conditions an operational commander might employ strategic airpower in his campaign design. This journey begins first by exploring the linkage between strategy, operations, and tactics. Next, U.S. Army...
The contemporary operating environment poses distinctly different challenges for military commanders and planners than traditional conflicts. Non-contiguous battlespace exposes lines of communication to enemy action, unlike the linear battlespace...
This study represents a dedicated effort to draw attention to African-American units and service members over four major wars covering some 170 years. It was not intended to cover all aspects of African-American contributions to the freedom of our...
This study documents the Fifty-Fourth Massachusetts Regiment's history from its creation on 26 January 1863 through the attainment of equal pay on 15 June 1864. Previous historians have not chronicled, in detail, the early history of the...
This study investigates the integration of Afro-Americans into the United States Army. On July 26, 1948, President Harry S. Truman signed and issued Executive Order 9981 mandating equal treatment and opportunity for all personnel in the U.S. Armed...
Counterinsurgency and unconventional war have dominated both the intellectual focus and the operational employment of the U.S. Army for the last decade, and are expected to remain a prevalent challenge for the foreseeable future. One of the primary...