This research asked the question why had US military intervention in Haiti in the past 20 years not produced long-term stability. Haiti is a nation of internal division and racial tension, suffering from years of upheaval, external intervention,...
This monograph discusses the contemporary calls for a specialized unit to conduct Military Operations Other Than War (MOOTW). MOOTW is an interagency affair, in which the military serves to support civil government organs and non-governmental...
The United States' democratization strategy since World War II demonstrates an estimated success rate of less than 3%. America currently uses a counterinsurgency / line of effort approach in democratization. This approach seeks to shape an...
Fischer, Joseph, Stewart, Richard W., Sandler, Stanley
This document covers the special operations in Haiti, including details of Uphold Democracy, the psychological operations, civil affairs, support operations, redeployment and assessment of the military actions.
This study investigates the role of Special Operations Forces in the other than war environment of Haiti during Operation UPHOLD DEMOCRACY. It is specifically concerned with the potential of nonstate actors to either assist or hinder Special...
What kind of policy can the United States and the international community pursue that increases the likelihood that stability emerges in failed and failing states? I develop a theory of state-building to guide decision makers. The theory states...
This monograph provides the context for a better understanding and appreciation of the difficulties U.S. military planners face in their labors to develop an effective plan to 18win the war. 18Winning the war 19 is not as simple as defeating an...
During the last 15 years, the United States dealt with the challenges of both developing and reestablishing police forces in numerous post-conflict environments. Although the U.S. Department of Defense would like other U.S. government departments...
This monograph discusses the role and appropriateness of operations other than war (OOTW) doctrine during the planning and conduct of Operation UPHOLD DEMOCRACY, 1993 through 1995 in Haiti. Operation UPHOLD DEMOCRACY involved both special...
Kretchik, Walter E., Baumann, Robert F., Fishel, John T.
In September 1994, U.S. military forces were ordered to execute Operation Uphold Democracy in Haiti. The stated objectives of that undertaking included the return to office of the democratically elected president of that country and the creation of...
The monograph explores US intervention in Somalia, Bosnia, and Haiti as case studies to determine how the concepts of operational design were applied to peace operations. It also reviews the theories of Clausewitz and Jomini with a comparison to...
This monograph examines United States Army peace operations doctrine as it was executed by 3d Brigade, 25th Infantry Division (Light) in Operation Uphold Democracy. The 3d Brigade conducted peace operations in Northern Haiti beginning in January...
Under public pressure to reduce defense spending and a Congressional demand for increased efficiency created by the collapse of the Soviet Union during the early 1990's, the United States Army has repeatedly been accused of maintaining unnecessary...
Since April 1997, a strategically deployable, airdroppable light armored, direct fire system to support our early entry forces no longer exists. The decision to inactivate the 3-73 Armor Battalion and terminate the Armored Gun System has resulted...
This study investigates the effectiveness of human intelligence (HUMINT) support during the critical first twenty-seven days of Operation Uphold Democracy. Beginning with the initial permissive landing of the 1st Brigade, 10th Mountain Division on...
The thesis looks at the interventions of US forces in the Caribbean nations of Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti and Grenada between 1898 and 1998. It considers these interventions against the background of the relationships that Caribbean nations...
This monograph examines the vital role that operational sustainment plays in the application of critical elements of operational art and operational design. The operational art and sustainment issues examined in this monograph are assessed using...
The collapse of the Soviet Union in 1989 ended the Cold War. This resulted in a change of the United States National Security Strategy from containment of communist aggression to engagement worldwide to protect national interests. “Global...
Many of the world’s Arabic nations view our attempts at nation- building as U.S. democratic imperialism and dangerous adventurism that destabilizes countries and political regions. In light our current ongoing difficulties in Iraq and our...
Grucella, Matthew S.; Blankenship, Nelson E.; Williams, Paris A.; Dixon, Kawanda A.; Okumu, Donald; Thomas, Anthony R.
Much of the world and many of the Arabic nations view the United States attempts at nation- building as U.S. democratic imperialism or dangerous adventurism that destabilizes countries and political regions. In light our current ongoing...